Smart Grid Certificate

Smart Grid Certificate

Smart Grid Certificate covers smart grid technology, an advanced technology developed in recent years as a critical competence of traditional power networks with reliable and efficient operation across a wide range of industries. The ability to deliver the technical information of smart grids to the right audience at the right time is a valuable skill, especially for those engaged in the field of power systems.

This smart grid certificate designed by highly educated instructors at TONEX is a fast-paced way for you to broaden your professional skillset with greater understanding of smart grids. The certificate covers three main areas in smart grids which are designed for engineers to quickly prepare themselves with the skills and confidence to meet their organization’s needs across a variety of platforms and position themselves for their job responsibilities and promotions.
Our industry and faculty experts at TONEX will help you to understand the fundamental concepts of smart grids in order to tackle the real-world challenges. The smart gird certificate consists of major courses:

• Smart Grid Certificate Part 1: Smart Grid Operation and Control
• Smart Grid Certificate Part 2: Smart Grid Security
• Smart Grid Certificate Part 3: Energy Management Systems (EMS) and SCADA in Smart Grid

The first part of this certificate dedicates to the operation and control of smart grid; the audience will be introduced with the concept of smart grids, the trends toward smart grids, importance of monitoring and management control in smart grid systems. The next step is to get the audience familiar with the main components of a modern smart grid system such as: Distributed generations, solar farms, wind farms, energy storages, plug-in electric vehicles, charging stations, smart/micro inverters and smart meters.  By the advent of power electronics and availability of fast response, almost 90 % of components of a microgrid have a controllable power electronic device.

Therefore, the next move in this chapter is to briefly introduce the power electronic converters implemented in smart grids and different control methodologies to control the components. Control algorithms such as: Frequency control, automatic generation control, primary and secondary droop control, active and reactive power sharing, DC link voltage control, load shedding, peak shaving, islanded mode, black start and maximum power point tracking controls are introduced and their applications in real world smart grids are discussed. The first part of this certificate finally summarizes the operation of microgrids by introducing the topics such as: voltage support, demand response, restoration techniques in smart grids, economic dispatch, communication interactions, and different types of operators in smart grids.

After introducing the smart grid components and operating principles, the second chapter of this certificate dedicates to the smart grid security which is the most important objective. It briefly introduces the smart grid security in different domains of a smart grid such as: markets, service providers, customers, bulk generations, and utility operation centers. Furthermore, the security problems such as: network access, confidentiality breaking, integrity of data, customer security and different vulnerabilities are introduced. In addition, different attackers such as: non-malicious, customers, competitors for financial gain are introduced.

The audience will also learn the potential threads and examples regarding the attacks. For example, attackers may damage the smart grid components such as: remote terminal units (RTU), Modbus security, or slave control by sending false information, traffic of data, or fake broadcast messages. The next level of security after identifying the threads is to guarantee the secure operation in different levels of a smart grids. These levels can be classified into: security in transmission level, generation level, operation level, marketing level, and service providers. This chapter will also introduce the higher level security requirements of a smart grid including: Access control, awareness training, media protection, incident response, security assessment, and risk management.

Third part of the smart grid certificate will make the audience ready for economic operation and maximization of benefit when operating a smart grid. Firstly, the concept of energy management system (EMS) will be introduced and main components of EMS in smart grids will be introduced. The audience will differentiate the EMS in generation, distribution, transmission and sub-transmission of a smart grid and will learn the necessity of monitoring and management in smart grids.  To tailor the knowledge of audience in EMS in different parts of a smart grid, this section will introduce the energy management concepts in generation units of a smart grid.

Learn about:

• Smart Grid 101
• Distributed Energy
• Microgrids
• Energy Delivery SYstems Cybersecurity
• Energy Storage
• Advancing Modeling Grid
• Renewable Energy Integration

Topics such as: automatic generation control (AGC), reserve monitoring, market operation, economic dispatch, unit commitment and load forecasting will be introduced. Furthermore, the concept of EMS in distribution and transmission network of smart grids will be included such as: network operator models, state estimation in distribution networks, fault location, outage management, load management, distributed energy resources management, optimal power flow, security constraint dispatch, transient stability analysis, and network security. Finally, the third part of the certificate will briefly introduce the energy management systems for customers in smart grids. The audience will be familiar with cost reduction techniques, security improvement for customers, penalty factors, and advantages of graphical user interface (GUI) in smart grids.

Audience

The smart grid certificate training is a 5-day course designed for:

• All engineers who wants to learn, design, or operate the smart grids
• Power traders to understand the modern power systems.
• Independent system operator personnel.
• Faculty members from academic institutes who want to teach the smart grid courses.
• Investors and contractors who plan to make investments in smart grid industry.
• Professionals in other energy industries.
• Marketing people who need to know the background of the products they sell.
• Electric utility personnel who recently started career in power systems or having new job responsibilities related to smart grids.
• Technicians, operators, and maintenance personnel who are or will be working at green energy based companies.
• Managers, accountants, and executives of power system industry.
• Scientist or non-electrical engineers involved in smart grid related projects or proposals.
• Graduate students seeking a professional career in smart grids

Training Objectives

Upon completion of the Smart grid certificate training course, the attendees are able to:

• Understand the concepts of smart grid, smart grid security and smart grid energy management systems
• Differentiate the smart grid from traditional power systems
• Describe the benefits and modern technologies related to smart grids
• Understand the basic components of a smart grid with their functionality
• Design an efficient and secure smart grid as a part of real-world project
• Understand the security issues related to smart grids
• Explain the operation and control of renewable energy sources applied to smart grids
• Tackle the technical problems related to smart grid control and security
• Understand the energy management system components for a smart grid
• Differentiate the security and management of a smart grid
• Understand the concepts of SCADA systems in smart grids
• Tackle the communication problems in smart grids
• Understand the potential attacks in smart grids and preserving the system from faults
• Explain the optimal power flow and economic dispatch in smart grids
• Analyze the optimal performance of a smart grid with different types of renewable energy sources.

Smart Grid Certificate Part1: Operation and Control of Smart Grid

Introduction to smart grids

• Traditional power grids
• Trends for smart grid
• Power electronic based devices
• Smart grid concepts
• Components of a smart grid
• Distributed generations
• Distribution networks in smart grid
• Transmission networks in smart grid
• Concept of energy in smart grid
• Smart meters
• Price and efficiency in smart grid
• Smart sustainable energy sources
• Communications in smart grid
• Computer based monitoring
• Information and communication technology (ICT) in smart grids
• Load variations in smart grid
• Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
• Market structure of smart grid
• Energy management system in smart grids (EMS)
• Reliability and economic operation in smart grids

Smart Grid System Components

• Generation units, distributed generations
• Distributed energy resources (DER)
• Solar panels
• Wind farms
• Battery energy storage systems (BESS)
• Fuel cell power generation stations
• Plug-in Hybrid electric vehicles
• Loads in smart grids
• Electric vehicle charging stations
• Battery charging events
• Demand response events
• Market structure of a smart grids
• Sub-transmission systems in smart grids
• Smart inverters
• Micro inverters
• Bidirectional inverters
• Voltage source converters
• Power electronic based loads
• Smart meters
• Communication interactions in smart grids
• High voltage dc in smart grids (HVDC)
• Offshore wind farms
• Solar farms

Smart Grid Control

• Load frequency control (LFC)
• Automatic generation control (AGC)
• Network topology determination (NTD)
• Load management system
• Primary and secondary droop control in smart grids
• Active and reactive power sharing
• DC link voltage control
• Droop voltage control
• Pulse width modulation (PWM)
• Primary, secondary and tertiary control in smart grids
• Peak shaving control
• Load shedding
• Load shifting
• Black start capability of a smart grid
• Islanded and grid connected control modes
• Artificial synchronous generator effect in smart grids
• Maximum power point tracking control (MPPT)
• Proportional resonance control (PR)
• Control of solar panels in smart grids
• Control of wind farms based on doubly fed induction generators (DFIG)
• Control of HVDC systems
• Control of electric vehicles in smart grids
• Control of battery energy storages
• Hierarchical control in smart grids
• Primary, secondary and tertiary control in smart grids

Operation of Smart Grids

• Voltage support
• Frequency compensation
• Demand response events
• Restoration topologies in smart grids
• Economic dispatch in smart grids
• State estimation in smart grids
• Pricing and load factoring in smart grids
• Communication interactions
• Data loss in smart grids
• Communication delays
• Government regulations
• System protection
• IEC 61850
• Market structure of smart grids
• Secured smart grid
• Operation and planning of smart grids
• Independent system operators
• Transmission operators
• Distribution operators

Smart Grid Certificate Part 2: Smart Grid Security

Introduction to Smart Grid Security

• Concept of security in power systems
• Main domains in smart grids
• Markets
• Operations in smart grids
• Service providers in smart grids
• Bulk generations
• Customers in smart grids
• Transmission network in smart grids
• Distribution networks
• Household appliances
• Renewable energy sources in smart grids
• Electric utility operation center
• Performance of smart meters
• Home area network (HAN)
• Wide area network (WAN)
• Zigbee, wired, or wireless networks in smart grids
• Bluetooth communications
• Vulnerabilities in smart grids
• Accessing the network
• Breaking the confidentiality in smart grids
• Integrity of transmitted data
• Customer security
• Number of intelligent devices
• Physical security
• Lifetime of power systems
• Implicit trust between traditional power devices
• Bad decision making in smart grids
• Internet protocol (IP) security issues in smart grids

Attackers and Types of Attacks

• Non-malicious attackers
• Customers driven by vengeance
• Terrorists viewing the smart grids as an interesting targets
• Disgruntled employees
• Competitors for financial gain
• Attacking remote terminal units (RTU)
• Denial of service attacks
• Malware spreading
• Access through data base links
• False information
• Modbus security issues
• Eavesdropping and traffic analysis
• Fake broadcast messages
• Genuine recorded messages to master
• Direct slave control
• Modbus network scanning
• Passive reconnaissance
• Rouge interloper

Components of a Secured Smart Grid

• Prevention of threats
• Identifying potential threats
• Detection of threats
• Response to threats
• Recovery from threats
• Systematic documentation of vulnerabilities
• Concept of risk in smart grid security
• Cascading failures
• Physical consequences of a risk
• Assessing and quantifying the risks (Risk assessment)
• Setting boundaries for security architecture
• Concept of actors
• Secure communication flows between actors
• Interaction between actors in smart grids
• Loss of confidentiality
• Loss of integrity
• Loss of availability

Security Mode Level of a Smart Grid Domain

• Transmission level
• Measurement units
• Transmission remote terminal unit (RTU)
• Operation
• Distribution SCADA
• Distributed generation management
• Transmission engineering
• Outage management system
• Customer portals
• Transmission SCADA
• Wide area measurement systems
• Energy management systems (EMS)
• Bulk storage management
• ISO operations
• Metering
• Bulk generation
• Plant control
• Marketing
• Energy market
• Wholesale market
• Service providers
• Pricing system
• Retail energy provider
• Third parties
• Energy service providers
• Customers
• Customer energy management
• Appliances and equipment
• Meters
• Electric vehicles
• Generation and storages

High Level Security Requirements

• Objectives of cyber security in smart grids
• Confidentiality, integrity and availability impacts
• Access control
• Awareness and training
• Audit and accountability
• Security assessment
• Configuration management
• Incident response
• Identification and management
• Media protection
• Smart grid development and maintenance
• Personnel security
• Environmental security
• Security planning
• Risk management
• Smart grid information system security
• Communication security
• Security of metering infrastructures
• Security of electric vehicles
• Security of demand response
• Security of SCADA systems

Smart Grid Certificate Part 3: Energy Management System in Smart Grid

Introduction to Energy Management System (EMS)

• What is energy management system?
• Why should we have energy management system?
• Energy management system components
• EMS in generation (Generation management systems)
• EMS in distribution networks
• EMS in transmission and sub-transmission
• Necessity of monitoring in EMS
• Control and monitoring in EMS
• Real-time SCADA in EMS applications
• Data acquisition for events
• Data historians
• Data linking
• Control sequences in monitoring and operation of smart grids
• Cost of generation in smart grids
• Open access transmission
• Future developments in the economic operation of smart grids
• Graphic displays
• Computer communications in smart grids

EMS in Generation (GMS)

• Energy market control
• Digital control of multiple generation units in smart grids
• Automatic generation control (AGC)
• Reserve monitoring of smart grids
• Market operation system
• Economic dispatch ion smart grids
• Automatic voltage regulation
• Unit commitment
• Load forecasting
• Energy accounting
• Performance monitoring
• Production cost
• Effect of dynamic schedules in other areas of the smart grid
• Multi area support
• Closed loop monitoring of generation

Distribution Management Systems in Smart Grid

• Distribution network operating models
• Distribution topology processing
• State estimation in distribution networks
• Volt/VAR optimization and control
• Fault location, isolation and service restoration
• Outage management systems
• Distribution operator training simulator
• Load management
• Load shedding
• Demand response
• Distributed energy resources management systems
• Enterprise integration with GIS, CIS, AMI, WMS and others

EMS in Transmission Systems in Smart Grid

• Power flow in smart grids
• Optimal power flow in smart grids
• Transmission based State estimation
• Security constraint dispatch of smart grids
• Economic dispatch
• Linear programming based optimization
• Transient stability analysis
• Contingency analysis
• Short circuit analysis
• Voltage stability analysis
• Operator training simulators
• Network sensitivity
• Network security

EMS for Customers

• Operational security improvement for customers
• Cost reduction
• Transmission loss reduction
• AGC performance monitoring
• Energy accounting
• Voltage/var scheduling
• Penalty factors in transmissions
• Optimal performance of distributed generation units
• Graphical user interface (GUI) and HMI